1. A static IP address is an IP address that was manually configured for a device instead of one that was assigned by a DHCP server. It's called static because it doesn't change vs. a dynamic IP address, which does change.

(https://www.lifewire.com/what-is-a-static-ip-address-2626012#:~:text=A%20static%20IP%20address%20is%20an%20IP%20address,IP%20address%2C%20which%20does%20change.%20Routers%2C%20phones%2C%20tablets%2C)

2. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a protocol that provides quick, automatic, and central management for the distribution of IP addresses within a network. It's also used to configure the subnet mask, default gateway, and DNS server information on the device.

A DHCP server issues unique IP addresses and automatically configures other network information. In most homes and small businesses, the router acts as the DHCP server.

(https://www.lifewire.com/what-is-dhcp-2625848)